Oracle GoldenGate Architecture Classic to Microservices Part -1

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Oracle GoldenGate (OGG) is a tool used to copy data in real time from one database to another.

It works by reading database transaction logs and sending changes immediately to the target system.

GoldenGate is mainly used when businesses need high availability, real-time data, and zero downtime.

History of Oracle GoldenGate

1995: GoldenGate software was created

2009: Oracle acquired GoldenGate

21c: Last version that supports Classic Architecture

23c onwards: Only Microservices Architecture is supported

Why Do We Use Oracle GoldenGate?

Oracle GoldenGate is commonly used for:

Backup and Disaster Recovery

Auditing and Compliance

Real-time Reporting

Analytics systems

Load distribution (offloading reporting load from production)

Database migration with minimum downtime

Key Features of Oracle GoldenGate

Supports one-way, two-way, and multi-way replication

Can replicate data between multiple databases at the same time

Allows filtering and transforming data during replication

Supports both DML (Insert, Update, Delete) and DDL (Create, Alter, Drop)

Works with different database types, such as:

  • Oracle
  • SQL Server
  • MySQL
  • PostgreSQL

Types of Replication

1. Uni-Directional Replication (One-Way)

What it means:

Data moves only in one direction — from source to target.

Where it is used:

Reporting databases

Data warehouse

Disaster recovery

Example:

Production Database → Reporting Database

Changes made in the production database are copied to the reporting database.

2. Bi-Directional Replication (Two-Way)

What it means:

Data moves in both directions between two databases.

Where it is used:

Active-Active databases

High availability systems

Main challenge:

Same data may be updated in both databases

Conflict handling rules are required

Example:

Two regional databases update each other continuously.

3. Multi-Directional Replication (Multiple Systems)

What it means:

Data moves between many databases.

Where it is used:

Global companies

Multiple data centers

Challenges:

Design is complex

Must avoid data loops and conflicts

Example:

Databases in US, Europe, and Asia sharing data.

Oracle GoldenGate Architectures

1. Classic Architecture

This is the traditional GoldenGate setup.

Command-line based (GGSCI)

Simple and widely used

Supported until GoldenGate 21c

Components:

Extract: Captures changes from database logs

Local Trail: Stores captured data on source server

Data Pump: Sends data to target server

Remote Trail: Stores data on target server

Replicat: Applies changes to target database

2. Microservices Architecture

Introduced in GoldenGate 12.3, this is the modern architecture.

Main advantages:

Web-based user interface

REST API support

Better performance and scalability

Cloud and hybrid environment support

Supports non-Oracle databases from 21c

Services:

Service Manager: Controls all services

Administration Service: Used for configuration

Distribution Service: Sends data to targets

Receiver Service: Receives data from sources

Performance Metrics Service: Monitoring and statistics

GoldenGate Version Timeline

Up to 12.2 – Classic only

12.3 to 21c – Classic or Microservices

23c onwards – Microservices only

GoldenGate 21c – New Features

Automatic table capture with supplemental logging

Support for Autonomous Database

Improved DDL replication

Parallel Replicat for non-Oracle databases

Replication Flow (Classic Architecture)

Extract reads committed transactions from redo logs

Data is written to local trail files

Data Pump sends data to target system

Remote trail stores received data

Replicat applies changes to target database

Common Use Cases

Disaster recovery

Real-time reporting

Database migration

Data integration

Cloud and hybrid setup

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